In the preparation of PNB, the SO Exam 2025 requires a solid understanding of quantitative qualification, which plays an important role in the selection process. This section not only tests your numerical ability but also under pressure your speed and accuracy. To help you gain an edge, we have prepared a detailed list of required mathematics formulas that will promote your problem to solve the problem. Whether it is simplification, arithmetic, algebra, or geometry, mastery in these formulas is the key to high scoring in the exam.
Important formulas and concepts for PNB SO exam
- Number system
- Natural Number (N): {1, 2, 3, 4,…}
- Full Number (W): {0, 1, 2, 3,…}
- Integer (z): {…, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3,…}
- Logic number (Q): Numbers expressed as P/Q, where Q ≠ 0
- irrational numbers: No numbers expressed in the form of P/Q (eg, π2, π)
- Simplification and interaction
- apply Bodmas Rules: brackets, order, division, multiplication, addition, subtraction
- Use Vedic mathematics Technology for fast calculation
- Estive complex fractions to closest values for quick estimates
- Percentage
- Basic formula: (Part / Complete) × 100
- Conversion: y = (x/100) × y x%
- Shortcut: One% of B = B% A
- Ratio and ratio
- Ratio: A: b = a/b
- Ratio: A: b :: c: d ⇒ a/b = c/d
- Property:
- Reverse: a/b = c/d ⇒ b/a = d/c
- optional: a/b = c/d ⇒ a/c = b/d
- By composition: A/b = c/d ⇒ (a + b)/b = (c + d)/d
- Divided: a/b = c/d ⇒ (a – b)/b = (c – d)/d
- Profit, loss and discount
- Benefit: Sales Price (SP) – Cost Price (CP)
- Loss: CP – SP
- Benefit%: (Benefit / CP) × 100
- Loss%: (Loss / CP) × 100
- Discount: Marked Price – SP
- Discount%: (Exemption / marked price) × 100
- Simple and compound interest
- Simple Interest (SI): (P × r × t) / 100
- Cyrooscope interest (CI): P × [(1 + R/100)2T– 1]
- Difference between CI and SI for 2 years: P × (R/100)2
- Time, speed and distance
- pace: Distance / time
- Time: Distance / speed
- distance: Speed × time
- Conversion:
- 1 km/h = 5/18 m/second
- 1 meter/second = 18/5 km/h
- Average speed: (2 x S1 x S2) / (S1 + S2)
- Time and work
- Work done: Work = time × rate
- If A X can do work in days, then 1 day work of A = 1/x
- Joint work: If A and B can do one thing in X and Y days respectively, together they can complete the work in (xy)/(x + y) days.
- Pipes & Cisterns
- Filling rate: If a pipe fills a tank in x hour, then the filled part in 1 hour = 1/x
- Empty rate: If a pipe empties a tank in Y hour, part is empt in 1 hour = 1/y
- Joint rate: If one pipe fills and the other is empty, then 1 hour = (1/x) – (1/y)
- Boats and streams
- Downstream Speed: Boat speed + speed speed
- Upstream Speed: Boat speed – stream speed
- Still boat speed in water: (Downstream speed + upstream speed) / 2
- Structure speed: (Downstream speed – upstream speed) / 2
- average
- average: Number of sum of comments / comments
- Total amount: Average × number of observation
- Mix and all
- All rules: (Quantity of cheap / dear quantity) = (CP dear – meaning value) / (meaning price – CP cheaper)
- liability
- 2D figures:
- Rectangle area: Length × width
- Class area: Party
- Circle Area: π × R π
- 3d figures:
- Cube Volume: Side
- Cuboid Volume: Length × width × height
- Cylinder volume: π × r × × h
- Sequence and combination
- Organization (NPR): N! / (n – r)!
- Combination (NCR): N! , [r! × (n – r)!]
- Possibility
- Possibility of an event: Total number of favorable results / total number of results
- Complementary event: P (A ‘) = 1 – P (A)
- quadratic equations
- standard form: Ax + BX + C = 0
- Roots: x = [-b ± √(b² – 4ac)] / (2A)
- data interpretation
- Type: Table, bar graph, line graph, pie chart
- Key Skills: Quick calculation, percentage analysis, ratio comparison
